Surgical Neurology
Volume 70, Issue 1 , Pages 8-28 , July 2008

Microneurosurgical management of anterior communicating artery aneurysms

  • Juha Hernesniemi, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00260 Helsinki, Finland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +358 50 4270220; fax: +358 9 47187560.
  • ,
  • Reza Dashti, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00260 Helsinki, Finland
  • ,
  • Martin Lehecka, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00260 Helsinki, Finland
  • ,
  • Mika Niemelä, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00260 Helsinki, Finland
  • ,
  • Jaakko Rinne, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • Hanna Lehto, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00260 Helsinki, Finland
  • ,
  • Antti Ronkainen, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • Timo Koivisto, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • Juha E. Jääskeläinen, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland

Received 21 December 2007 ,Accepted 23 January 2008.

References 

  1. Akyüz M, Eryilmaz M, Özdemir C, et al. Effect of temporary clipping on frontal lobe functions in patients with ruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. Acta Neurol Scand. 2005;112:293–297
  2. Alexander M, Freedman M. Amnesia after anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture. Neurology. 1984;34:752–757
  3. Andrews R, Spiegel P. Intracranial aneurysms: characteristics of aneurysms by site, with special reference to anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Surg Neurol. 1981;16:122–126
  4. Avci E, Fossett D, Aslan M, et al. Branches of the anterior cerebral artery near the anterior communicating artery complex: an anatomic study and surgical perspective. Neurol Medico-Chirur. 2003;43:329–333
  5. Avci E, Fossett D, Erdogan A, et al. Perforating branches of the anomalous anterior communicating complex. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2001;103:19–22
  6. Aydin I, Önder A, Takci E, et al. Heubner's artery variations in anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1994;127(1-2):17–20
  7. Bailes J, Spetzler R, Hadley M, et al. Management morbidity and mortality of poor-grade aneurysm patients. J Neurosurg. 1990;72(4):559–566
  8. Batjer H, Samson D. Emergent aneurysm surgery without cerebral angiography for the comatose patient. Neurosurgery. 1991;28:283–287
  9. Beck J, Rohde S, Berkefeld J, et al. Size and location of ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms measured by 3-dimensional rotational angiography. Surg Neurol. 2006;65(1):18–25
  10. Bornstein R, Weir B, Petruk K, et al. Neuropsychological function in patients after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery. 1987;21:651–654
  11. Chehrazi B. A temporal transsylvian approach to anterior circulation aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 1993;33(1):172
  12. Dashti R, Hernesniemi J, Lehto H, et al. Microneurosurgical management of proximal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms. Surg Neurol. 2007;68:366–377
  13. Dashti R, Hernesniemi J, Niemelä M, et al. Microneurosurgical management of middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms. Surg Neurol. 2007;67:441–457
  14. Dashti R, Rinne J, Hernesniemi J, et al. Microneurosurgical management of proximal middle cerebral artery aneurysms. Surg Neurol. 2007;67:6–14
  15. Doczi T, Bende J, Huszka E, et al. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery. 1981;9:394–397
  16. Dunker R, Harris A. Surgical anatomy of the proximal anterior cerebral artery. J Neurosurg. 1976;44:359–367
  17. El-Noamany H, Nakagawa F, Hongo K, et al. Low anterior interhemispheric approach—a narrow corridor to aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2001;143:885–891
  18. Fischer E. Die lageabweichungen der vorderen hirnarterie im gefassbild. Zentralbl Neurochir. 1938;3:300–312
  19. Forget TJ, Benitez R, Veznedaroglu E, et al. A review of size and location of ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2001;49:1322–1325
  20. French L, Chou S, Story J, et al. Aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. J Neurosurg. 1966;24(6):1058–1062
  21. Frösen J, Piippo A, Paetau A, et al. Remodeling of saccular cerebral artery aneurysm wall is associated with rupture: histological analysis of 24 unruptured and 42 ruptured cases. Stroke. 2004;35:2287–2293
  22. Frösen J, Piippo A, Paetau A, et al. Growth factor receptor expression and remodeling of saccular cerebral artery aneurysm walls: implications for biological therapy preventing rupture. Neurosurgery. 2006;58:534–541
  23. Fujitsu K, Kuwabara T. Orbitocraniobasal approach for anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 1986;18:367–369
  24. Fukushima T, Miyazaki S, Takusagawa Y, et al. Unilateral interhemispheric keyhole approach for anterior cerebral artery aneurysms. Acta Neurochir. 1991;(Suppl 53):42–47
  25. Gadelha E, Deshmukh P, Perul M, et al. Quantitative anatomic study of three surgical approaches to the anterior communicating artery complex. Neurosurgery. 2005;56(ONS Suppl 2):ONS–397-ONS-405
  26. Gomes F, Dujovny M, Umansky F, et al. Microsurgical anatomy of the recurrent artery of Heubner. J Neurosurg. 1984;60:130–139
  27. Gonzalez-Darder J, Pesudo-Martinez J, Feliu-Tatay R. Microsurgical management of cerebral aneurysms based in CT angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction (3D-CTA) and without preoperative cerebral angiography. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2001;143:673–679
  28. Handa J, Nakasu Y, Matsuda M, et al. Aneurysms of the proximal anterior cerebral artery. Surg Neurol. 1984;22(5):486–490
  29. Harrigan M. Cerebral salt wasting syndrome: a review. Neurosurgery. 1996;38:152–160
  30. Heiskanen O. Risk of bleeding from unruptured aneurysm in cases with multiple intracranial aneurysms. J Neurosurg. 1981;55:524–526
  31. Heiskanen O, Poranen A, Kuurne T, et al. Acute surgery for intracerebral haematomas caused by rupture of an intracranial arterial aneurysm. A prospective randomized study. Acta Neurochir. 1988;90:81–83
  32. Hernesniemi J, Ishii K, Niemelä M, et al. Lateral supraorbital approach as an alternative to the classical pterional approach. Acta Neurochir. 2005;(Suppl 94):17–21
  33. Hernesniemi J, Niemelä M, Karatas A, et al. Some collected principles of microneurosurgery: simple and fast, while preserving normal anatomy: a review. Surg Neurol. 2005;64:195–200
  34. Hino A, Fujimoto M, Iwamoto Y, et al. Surgery of proximal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2002;144:1291–1296
  35. Hori S, Suzuki J. Early and late results of intracranial direct surgery of anterior communicating artery aneurysms. J Neurosurg. 1979;50(4):433–440
  36. Hori S, Suzuki J. Early intracranial operations for ruptured aneurysms. Acta Neurochir. 1979;46:93–104
  37. Horikoshi T, Nukui H, Mitsuka S, et al. Partial resection of the gyrus rectus in pterional approach to anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Neurol Medico-Chirur. 1992;32:136–139
  38. In:  Huber P editors. Krayenbühl/Yasargil cerebral angiography. Stuttgart: Thieme Medical publishers, Inc; 1982;p. 79–105
  39. Inagawa T. Multiple intracranial aneurysms in elderly patients. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1990;106:119–126
  40. Inci S, Özgen T. Multiple aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery: radiological and surgical difficulties. J Neurosurg. 2005;102:495–502
  41. International Study of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Investigators . Unruptured intracranial aneurysms—risk of rupture and risks of surgical intervention. International Study of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Investigators. N Eng J Med. 1998;339:1725–1733
  42. Ito Z. The microsurgical anterior interhemispheric approach suitably applied to ruptured aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery in the acute stage. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1982;63:85–99
  43. Iwanaga H, Wakai S, Ochiai C, et al. Ruptured cerebral aneurysms missed by initial angiographic study. Neurosurgery. 1990;27(1):45–51
  44. Kangasniemi M, Mäkelä T, Koskinen S, et al. Detection of intracranial aneurysms with two-dimensional and three-dimensional multislice helical computed tomographic angiography. Neurosurgery. 2004;54:336–340
  45. Kaplan H. The lateral perforating branches of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. J Neurosurg. 1965;23:305–310
  46. Karamessini M, Kagadis G, Petsas T, et al. CT angiography with three-dimensional techniques for the early diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms. Comparison with intra-arterial DSA and the surgical findings. Eur J Radiol. 2004;49:212–223
  47. Kassell N, Torner J. Size of intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 1983;12:291–297
  48. Kassell N, Torner J, Haley EJ, et al. The International Cooperative Study on the Timing of Aneurysm Surgery. Part 1: overall management results. J Neurosurg. 1990;73:18–36
  49. Kawashima M, Matsushima T, Sasaki T. Surgical strategy for distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms microsurgical anatomy. J Neurosurg. 2003;99:517–525
  50. Kim M, Oh C, Hur J, Lee J, et al. Aneurysms located at the proximal anterior cerebral artery and anterior communicating artery associated with middle cerebral artery aplasia: case report. Surg Neurol. 2005;64(6):534–537
  51. Kirgis H, Fisher W, Llewellyn R, et al. Aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery and gross anomalies of the circle of Willis. J Neurosurg. 1966;25:73–78
  52. Koeller K, Osborn R. Multiple aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery. J Am Osteopathic Ass. 1991;91:899–900
  53. Kojima T, Waga S. More than one aneurysm on the same artery. Surg Neurol. 1984;22:403–408
  54. Krupp W, Heienbrok W, Muke R. Management results attained by predominantly late surgery for intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 1994;34:227–233
  55. Le Roux P, Elliott J, Downey L, et al. Improved outcome after rupture of anterior circulation aneurysms: a retrospective 10-year review of 224 good-grade patients. J Neurosurg. 1995;83:394–402
  56. Ljunggren B, Sonesson B, Saveland H, et al. Cognitive impairment and adjustment in patients without neurological deficits after aneurysmal SAH and early operation. J Neurosurg. 1985;62:673–679
  57. Locksley H. Natural history of subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg. 1966;25:321–368
  58. Logue V, Durward M, Pratt R, et al. The quality of survival after rupture of an anterior cerebral aneurysm. Br J Psychiatr. 1968;114:137–160
  59. Lougheed W. Selection, timing, and technique of aneurysm surgery of the anterior circle of Willis. Clin Neurosurg. 1969;16:95–113
  60. Mabuchi S, Kamiyama H, Kobayashi N, et al. A3-A3 side-to-side anastomosis in the anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery: report of four cases. Surg Neurol. 1995;44:122–127
  61. Marinkovic S, Gibo H, Zelic O, et al. The neurovascular relationships and the blood supply of the trochlear nerve: surgical anatomy of its cisternal segment. Neurosurgery. 1996;38:161–169
  62. Marinkovic S, Milisavljevic M, Marinkovic Z. Branches of the anterior communicating artery. Microsurgical anatomy. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1990;106(1-2):78–85
  63. Merkkola P, Tulla H, Ronkainen A, et al. Incomplete circle of Willis and right axillary artery perfusion. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;82:74–79
  64. Mira J, Costa F, Horta B, et al. Risk of rupture in unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms: meta-analysis of natural history studies. Surg Neurol. 2006;66(S3):12–19
  65. Nehls D, Flom R, Carter L, et al. Multiple intracranial aneurysms: determining the site of rupture. J Neurosurg. 1985;63:342–348
  66. Nishimoto A, Ueta K, Onbe H, et al. Nationwide co-operative study of intracranial aneurysm surgery in Japan. Stroke. 1985;16:48–52
  67. Ogawa A, Suzuki M, Sakurai Y, et al. Vascular anomalies associated with aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery: microsurgical observations. J Neurosurg. 1990;72:706–709
  68. Oka K, Rhoton AJ, Barry M, et al. Microsurgical anatomy of the superficial veins of the cerebrum. Neurosurgery. 1985;17:711–748
  69. Okuyama T, Sasamori Y, Takahashi H, et al. Study of multiple cerebral aneurysms comprised of both ruptured and unruptured aneurysm—an analysis of incidence rate with respect to site and size. [Japanese] Neurological. 2004;32:121–125
  70. Orz Y, Kobayashi S, Osawa M, et al. Aneurysm size: a prognostic factor for rupture. Br J Neurosurg. 1997;11:144–149
  71. Ostrowski A, Webster J, Gurdjian E. The proximal anterior cerebral artery: an anatomic study. Arch Neurol. 1960;3:661–664
  72. Pasqualin A, Bazzan A, Cavazzani P, et al. Intracranial hematomas following aneurysmal rupture: experience with 309 cases. Surg Neurol. 1986;25:6–17
  73. Perlmutter D, Rhoton AJ. Microsurgical anatomy of anterior cerebral anterior communicating recurrent artery complex. Surgical Forum. 1976;27:464–465
  74. Perlmutter D, Rhoton AJ. Microsurgical anatomy of the distal anterior cerebral artery. J Neurosurg. 1978;49:204–228
  75. Pool J. Bifrontal craniotomy for anterior communicating artery aneurysms. J Neurosurg. 1972;36:212–220
  76. Proust F, Debono B, Hannequin D, et al. Treatment of anterior communicating artery aneurysms: complementary aspects of microsurgical and endovascular procedures. J Neurosurg. 2003;99:3–14
  77. Raabe A, Nakaji P, Beck J, et al. Prospective evaluation of surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative near-infrared indocyanine green Videoangiography during aneurysm surgery. J Neurosurg. 2005;103(6):982–989
  78. Raabe A, Beck J, Gerlach R, et al. Near-infrared indocyanine green Video angiography: a new method for intraoperative assessment of vascular flow. Neurosurgery. 2003;52:132–139
  79. Randell T, Niemela M, Kytta J, et al. Principles of neuroanesthesia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: the Helsinki experience. Surg Neurol. 2006;66:382–388
  80. Rhoton AJ. Anatomy of saccular aneurysms. Surg Neurol. 1980;14:59–66
  81. Rhoton AJ. The cerebellar arteries. Neurosurgery. 2000;47(3 Suppl):S29–S68
  82. Rhoton AJ. Aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2002;51(4 Suppl):S121–S158
  83. Rhoton AJ. The supratentorial arteries. Neurosurgery. 2002;51(4 Suppl):S53–S120
  84. Rhoton AJ, Perlmutter D. Microsurgical anatomy of anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Neurol Res. 1980;2:217–251
  85. Riina H, Lemole GJ, Spetzler R. Anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2002;51:993–996
  86. Rinne J, Hernesniemi J, Niskanen M, et al. Analysis of 561 patients with 690 middle cerebral artery aneurysms anatomic and clinical features as correlated to management outcome. Neurosurgery. 1996;38:2–11
  87. Rosen D, Amidei C, Tolentino J, et al. Subarachnoid clot volume correlates with age, neurological grade, and blood pressure. Neurosurgery. 2007;60:259–266
  88. Rosengart AJ, Schulteiss KE, Tolentino J, et al. Prognostic factors for outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke. 2007;38:2315–2321
  89. Rosenorn J, Eskesen V, Schmidt K, et al. Clinical features and outcome in 1076 patients with ruptured intracranial saccular aneurysms: a prospective consecutive study. Br J Neurosurg. 1987;1:33–45
  90. Rosner S, Rhoton AJ, Ono M, et al. Microsurgical anatomy of the anterior perforating arteries. J Neurosurg. 1984;61:468–485
  91. Sadatomo T, Yuki K, Migita K, et al. The characteristics of the anterior communicating artery aneurysm complex by three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography. Neurosurg Rev. 2006;29:201–207
  92. Sako K, Nakai H, Kawata Y, et al. Temporary arterial occlusion during anterior communicating or anterior cerebral artery aneurysm operation under tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potential monitoring. Surg Neurol. 1998;49:316–322
  93. Sasaki T, Kodama N, Matsumoto M, et al. Blood flow disturbance in perforating arteries attributable to aneurysm surgery. J Neurosurg. 2007;107:60–67
  94. Sekhar L, Kalia K, Yonas H, et al. Cranial base approaches to intracranial aneurysms in the subarachnoid space. Neurosurgery. 1994;35:472–481
  95. Serizawa T, Saeki N, Yamaura A. Microsurgical anatomy and clinical significance of the anterior communicating artery and its perforating branches. Neurosurgery. 1997;40:1211–1218
  96. Siablis D, Kagadis G, Karamessini M, et al. Intracranial aneurysms: reproduction of the surgical view using 3D-CT angiography. Eur J Radiol. 2005;55:92–95
  97. Solomon R. Anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2001;48:119–123
  98. Steiger H, Schmid-Elsaesser R, Stummer W, et al. Transorbital keyhole approach to anterior communicating artery aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2001;48:347–351
  99. Sundt TJ. Surgical technique for giant intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurg Rev. 1982;5:161–168
  100. Sundt TJ, Piepgras D. Surgical approach to giant intracranial aneurysms. Operative experience with 80 cases. J Neurosurg. 1979;51:731–742
  101. Sundt TJ, Piepgras D, Fode N, et al. Giant intracranial aneurysms. Clin Neurosurg. 1991;37:116–154
  102. Suzuki J, Kinjo T, Mizoi K. Bifrontal interhemispheric approach to carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms. [Japanese] Neurological. 1986;14:1175–1181
  103. Suzuki M, Onuma T, Sakurai Y, et al. Aneurysms arising from the proximal (A1) segment of the anterior cerebral artery. A study of 38 cases. J Neurosurg. 1992;76:455–458
  104. Symon L, Vajda J. Surgical experiences with giant intracranial aneurysms. J Neurosurg. 1984;61:1009–1028
  105. Tamargo R, Haroun R, Rigamonti D, et al. Anterior communicating and anterior cerebral artery aneurysms. In:  Winn R editors. Youmans neurological surgery. Philadelphia (Pa): Saunders Elsevier; 2004;p. 1923–1943
  106. Tao X, Yu X, Bhattarai B, et al. Microsurgical anatomy of the anterior communicating artery complex in adult Chinese heads. Surg Neurol. 2006;65:155–161
  107. Tapaninaho A, Hernesniemi J, Vapalahti M. Emergency treatment of cerebral aneurysms with large haematomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1988;91:21–24
  108. Teissier du Cros J, Lhermitte F. Neuropsychological analysis of ruptured saccular aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery after radical therapy (32 cases). Surg Neurol. 1984;22:353–359
  109. Tipper G, U-King I, Price S, et al. Detection and evaluation of intracranial aneurysms with 16-row multislice CT angiography. Clin Radiol. 2005;60:565–572
  110. Tulamo R, Frösen J, Junnikkala S, et al. Complement activation associates with saccular cerebral artery aneurysm wall degeneration and rupture. Neurosurgery. 2006;59:1069–1076
  111. Tulleken C. A study of the anatomy of the anterior communicating artery with the aid of operating microscope. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1978;80:169–173
  112. Türe U, Yaşargil M, Krisht A. The arteries of the corpus callosum: a microsurgical anatomic study. Neurosurgery. 1996;39:1075–1084
  113. Uchino A, Nomiyama K, Takase Y, et al. Anterior cerebral artery variations detected by MR angiography. Neuroradiology. 2006;48:647–652
  114. Uğur H, Kahiloğullari G, Esmer A, et al. A neurosurgical view of anatomical variations of the distal anterior cerebral artery: an anatomical study. J Neurosurg. 2006;104:278–284
  115. van Lindert E, Perneczky A, Fries G, et al. The supraorbital keyhole approach to supratentorial aneurysms: concept and technique. Surg Neurol. 1998;49:481–489
  116. van der Ark G, Kempe L. Classification of anterior communicating aneurysms as a basis for surgical approach. J Neurosurg. 1970;32:300–303
  117. van der Ark G, Kempe L, Smith D. Anterior communicating aneurysms: the gyrus rectus approach. Clin Neurosurg. 1974;21:120–133
  118. Villablanca J, Hooshi P, Martin N, et al. Three-dimensional helical computerized tomography angiography in the diagnosis, characterization, and management of middle cerebral artery aneurysms comparison with conventional angiography and intraoperative findings. J Neurosurg. 2002;97:1322–1332
  119. Vincentelli F, Lehman G, Caruso G, et al. Extracerebral course of the perforating branches of the anterior communicating artery: microsurgical anatomic study. Surg Neurol. 1991;35:98–104
  120. Wakabayashi T, Tamaki N, Yamashita H, et al. Angiographic classification of aneurysms of the horizontal segment of the anterior cerebral artery. Surg Neurol. 1985;24:31–34
  121. Wanibuchi M, Kurokawa Y, Ishiguro M, et al. Characteristics of aneurysms arising from the horizontal portion of the anterior cerebral artery. Surg Neurol. 2001;55:148–154
  122. Wanifuchi H, Shimizu T, Higa T, et al. Kissing mirror image anterior communicating artery aneurysms—case report. Neurol Medico-Chirur. 2001;41:29–32
  123. Wintermark M, Ko N, Smith W, et al. Vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: utility of perfusion CT and CT angiography on diagnosis and management. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27:26–34
  124. Wintermark M, Uske A, Chalaron M, et al. Multislice computerized tomography angiography in the evaluation of intracranial aneurysms: a comparison with intraarterial digital subtraction angiography. J Neurosurg. 2003;98:828–836
  125. Yaşargil M. In: Microneurosurgery. Vol. I:Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1984;p. 5–168
  126. Yaşargil M. In: Microneurosurgery. Vol. II:Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1984;p. 165–221
  127. Yaşargil M, Fox J. The microsurgical approach to intracranial aneurysms. Surg Neurol. 1975;3:7–14
  128. Yaşargil M, Fox J, Ray M. The operative approach to aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery. In:  Krayenbuhl H editors. Advances and technical standards in Neurosurgery. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1975;p. 113–170
  129. Yaşargil M, Smith R. Management of aneurysms of anterior circulation by intracranial procedures. In:  Youmans J editors. Neurological surgery. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1982;p. 1663–1696
  130. Yeh H, Tew JJ. Anterior interhemispheric approach to aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery. Surg Neurol. 1985;23:98–100
  131. Zabramski J, Kiriş T, Sankhla S, et al. Orbitozygomatic craniotomy: technical note. J Neurosurg. 1998;89:336–341

PII: S0090-3019(08)00124-9

doi: 10.1016/j.surneu.2008.01.056

Surgical Neurology
Volume 70, Issue 1 , Pages 8-28 , July 2008